Effects of resistance training on selected physiological parameters / by George Baras

Abstract

The literature presents contradictory statements concerning the effectiveness of free weights, isokinetic devices and plyometric exercises on the development of lower extremity power, and lean body mass {Coyle, Feiring, Rotkis, Cote, Roby, Lee, & Wilmore, 1981; Gettman, Cutler & Strathman, 1980; Pipes & Wilmore, 1975; Promoli & Holt, 1979; Verhoshanski & Tatyan, 1983; and Scoles, 1978) . There is limited evidence in the literature measuring the effectiveness of combining plyometrics and various alternative resistance training devices. The training effects of four experimental groups were investigated; free weights (FW), Hydra-Fitness (HF), Hydra- Fitness plus plyometrics (HFP), and free weights plus plyometrics (FWP). Pre-training and post-training tests for the lower extremity measured lean body mass, muscular peak power at slow and fast speeds (60, and 180 degrees/second), powerendurance and vertical jump power. Forty Physical Education students were randomly assigned into four groups; free weights, Hydra-Fitness, Hydra-Fitness plus plyometrics, and free weights plus plyometrics. The intensity of each group was equated. Subjects were trained three times per week for seven weeks. A 4 (groups) by 2 (tests) ANOVA with repeated measures on the last factor (p<.05) was employed on pre and post training raw data. Post-hoc technique (Scheffe' method) was employed when significant interactions were found. All groups improved the lean body mass, vertical jump, and power-endurance after training. There were no significant differences found between the four training groups. Plyometrics in combination with free weights or Hydra-Fitness appear to have a positive training effect on power.