In order to examine the effects of soil temperature on a coupled photosynthesis-stomatal conductance model, seedlings of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx), jack pine (Pinsu banksiana Lamb. ), black spruce (Picea ...

Ecological principles of niche, competition and competitive reduction suggest that competition in mixed stands composed of pine and spruce may experience positive interactions through (1) vertical stratification of canopy ...

Kozak's variable exponent taper equation was fitted for balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera L.), trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.), white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss), black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) ...