Exploring pathways to blue justice: the theory and practice of blue justice in the St. Marys River Area of Concern

Abstract

Unchecked growth of marine-based economies risks increasing displacement of coastal peoples, environmental degradation, loss of livelihood and access to marine resources, and exclusion from decision-making and governance. In response, blue justice is an organizing framework rooted in social and environmental justice that recognizes the meaningful involvement and fair treatment of small-scale fisheries and allied coastal groups in how marine resources are used, managed and enjoyed. The scholarship and practice of blue justice, while established in ocean fisheries, is underdeveloped in freshwater fisheries. This study applies the theory and practice of blue justice to the Lake Superior watershed through a case study of the St. Marys River, a 125 km connecting river situated between Lake Superior and Lake Huron by way of several different channels currently listed as a Great Lakes Area of Concern. Included in this study is a literature review and data collected through semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders and rights holders in the St. Marys River using a blue justice framework that highlights three analytical areas - recognitional, procedural and distributive justices. Findings reveal challenges that constrain social and environmental health in this Area of Concern and inform actions towards more equitable and sustainable decision-making. This research contributes to blue justice scholarship and offers a potential model for further exploration of blue justice in the Great Lakes basin.